SCRAPIE HB Parry Seriously’ (YB88/6.8/4.1)
Saturday, December 08, 2007 SCRAPIE HB Parry Seriously’ (YB88/6.8/4.1)
HB Parry Seriously’ (YB88/6.8/4.1)
IF the scrapie agent is generated from ovine DNA and thence causes disease in other species, then perhaps, bearing in mind the possible role of scrapie in CJD of humans (Davinpour et al, 1985), scrapie and not BSE should be the notifiable disease.
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/08004001.pdf
1: Neuroepidemiology. 1985;4(4):240-9.
Sheep consumption: a possible source of spongiform encephalopathy in humans.
Davanipour Z, Alter M, Sobel E, Callahan M.
A fatal spongiform encephalopathy of sheep and goats (scrapie) shares many characteristics with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a similar dementing illness of humans. To investigate the possibility that CJD is acquired by ingestion of contaminated sheep products, we collected information on production, slaughtering practices, and marketing of sheep in Pennsylvania. The study revealed that sheep were usually marketed before central nervous system signs of scrapie are expected to appear; breeds known to be susceptible to the disease were the most common breeds raised in the area; sheep were imported from other states including those with a high frequency of scrapie; use of veterinary services on the sheep farms investigated and, hence, opportunities to detect the disease were limited; sheep producers in the area knew little about scrapie despite the fact that the disease has been reported in the area, and animal organs including sheep organs were sometimes included in processed food. Therefore, it was concluded that in Pennsylvania there are some 'weak links' through which scrapie-infected animals could contaminate human food, and that consumption of these foods could perhaps account for spongiform encephalopathy in humans. The weak links observed are probably not unique to Pennsylvania.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3915057&dopt=Abstract
J Infect Dis 1980 Aug;142(2):205-8
Oral transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie to nonhuman primates.
Gibbs CJ Jr, Amyx HL, Bacote A, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC.
Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of humans and scrapie disease of sheep and goats were transmitted to squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) that were exposed to the infectious agents only by their nonforced consumption of known infectious tissues. The asymptomatic incubation period in the one monkey exposed to the virus of kuru was 36 months; that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was 23 and 27 months, respectively; and that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of scrapie was 25 and 32 months, respectively. Careful physical examination of the buccal cavities of all of the monkeys failed to reveal signs or oral lesions. One additional monkey similarly exposed to kuru has remained asymptomatic during the 39 months that it has been under observation.
PMID: 6997404
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6997404&dopt=Abstract
STATEMENT OF DR HELEN GRANT MD FRCP ISSUED 13/05/1999
BSE INQUIRY
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s410.pdf
UNCONVENTIONAL VIRUSES AND THE ORIGIN
AND DISAPPEARANCE OF KURU
Nobel Lecture, December 13, 1976
by D. CARLETON GAJDUSEK
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
snip...
In a study in Israel, an
overall prevalence in Jews of Libyan origin is 30 times as high as in Jews of
European origin (40). The custom of eating the eyeballs and brains of sheep
in the Jewish households of North African and Middle Eastern origin, as opposed
to Jewish households of European origin, has understandably given rise to the
conjecture that scrapie-infected sheep tissue might be the source of such CJD
infection (37).
SNIP...
The passage of sheep scrapie into other sheep and into goats, at least by the
route of feeding of material contaminated with placenta and embryonic
membrane (53), and into mink from feeding carcasses of scrapied sheep, are
established paths of scrapie transmission. In view of the experimental transmission
of scrapie to monkeys, there is serious cause for wonder whether kitchen
and butchery accidents involving the contamination of skin and eyes may not
be a possible source of CJD in man (36a, 37).
SNIP...
Scrapie has been transmitted in our laboratory to five species of monkeys (Tables 9 and 10) (23, 31, 32), and such transmission has occurred using infected brain from naturally infected sheep and from experimentally infected goats and mice (Figures
22a, b, c). The disease produced is clinically and pathologically indistinguishable
from experimental CJD in these species. .........
Figure 22. Scrapie has been transmitted to three species of New World monkeys and two
species of Old World monkeys (Tables 9, 10). 22a. Transmission of scrapie from the brain of a scrapie-infected Suffolk ewe (C506) in Illinois to a cynomolgus monkey, and from the 4th mouse passage of this strain of scrapie virus to two squirrel monkeys. Incubation period in the cynomolgus was 73 months and in the squirrel monkeys 31 and 33 months. A chimpanzee and a rhesus monkey inoculated 109 months ago with this sheep brain remain well, as does a spider monkey inoculated 70 months ago with brain from the 4th passage of the C506 strain of scrapie in mice.
SNIP...
22b. Primary transmission of goat-adapted scrapie (Compton, England strain) to the
squirrel monkey and to mice and the transmission of mouse-adapted scrapie to two species of Old World and three species of New World monkeys. Numbers in parentheses are the number of months elapsed since inoculation, during which the animal remained asymptomatic.
SNIP...
22c. Transmission of mouse-adapted sheep scrapie (U. S. strain 434-3-897) to a squirrel monkey 38 months following intracerebral inoculation with a suspension of scrapie-infected mouse brain containing 10a7.3 infectious units of virus per ml. This animal showed signs of ataxia, tremors and incoordination, and the disease was confirmed histologically. See (b) for an explanation of symbols.
SNIP...
Figure 23. Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), a rare disease of American ranch
mink, is possibly a form of scrapie. The clinical picture and histopathological lesions attendant in the brain, resemble that of scrapie, and scrapie sheep carcasses were fed to mink on ranches on which TME appeared. The disease is transmissible to sheep, goats, certain rodents and New and Old World monkeys. Illustrative data on the primary transmissions of transmissible mink encephalopathy to one species of New World monkey and two species of Old World monkeys, and serial passage of the virus in squirrel, rhesus and stumptailed monkeys are presented in this Figure. Incubation periods are shown in months that elapsed between inoculation and onset of clinical disease. (Figure includes information from our laboratory and from R. F. Marsh, R. J. Eckroade, and R. P. Hanson.)
SNIP... end
SOURCE;
UNCONVENTIONAL VIRUSES AND THE ORIGIN
AND DISAPPEARANCE OF KURU
Nobel Lecture, December 13, 1976
by D. CARLETON GAJDUSEK
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Nature. 1972 Mar 10;236(5341):73-4.
Transmission of scrapie to the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC. ====================================
Proposed link between transmissible spongiform encephalopathies of man and animals.
Diringer H.
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany.
A link between scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is likely to exist. Based on old observations on scrapie, new experiments on bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and modern reviews on CJD, my proposal fits general rules of virus transmission
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7475665&dopt=Abstract
Additional Comments
63. I could perhaps sum up MAFF’s approach to BSE with an observation which is by no means original:
“Absence of evidence” is not the same as “evidence of absence”
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s067.pdf
“Absence of evidence” is not the same as “evidence of absence”
I think this might pertain to USDA et al on BSE, BASE, Scrapie's and the Nor-98, CWD, and TME, and human TSE therefrom. ...
TSS
SCRAPIE USA
http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/
NOR-98 ATYPICAL SCRAPIE CASES USA
http://nor-98.blogspot.com/
DECLARATION OF EXTRAORDINARY EMERGENCY BECAUSE OF AN ATYPICAL T.S.E. (PRION DISEASE) OF FOREIGN ORIGIN IN THE UNITED STATES [Docket No. 00-072-1]
http://foiamadsheepmadrivervalley.blogspot.com/
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE MAD COW BASE UPDATE USA
http://cjdmadcowbaseoct2007.blogspot.com/
Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy TME
http://transmissible-mink-encephalopathy.blogspot.com/
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/
Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States
http://cjdusa.blogspot.com/
CJD QUESTIONNAIRE
http://cjdquestionnaire.blogspot.com/
CJD TSE NEWS
http://disc.yourwebapps.com/Indices/236650.html
TSS
HB Parry Seriously’ (YB88/6.8/4.1)
IF the scrapie agent is generated from ovine DNA and thence causes disease in other species, then perhaps, bearing in mind the possible role of scrapie in CJD of humans (Davinpour et al, 1985), scrapie and not BSE should be the notifiable disease.
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/08004001.pdf
1: Neuroepidemiology. 1985;4(4):240-9.
Sheep consumption: a possible source of spongiform encephalopathy in humans.
Davanipour Z, Alter M, Sobel E, Callahan M.
A fatal spongiform encephalopathy of sheep and goats (scrapie) shares many characteristics with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a similar dementing illness of humans. To investigate the possibility that CJD is acquired by ingestion of contaminated sheep products, we collected information on production, slaughtering practices, and marketing of sheep in Pennsylvania. The study revealed that sheep were usually marketed before central nervous system signs of scrapie are expected to appear; breeds known to be susceptible to the disease were the most common breeds raised in the area; sheep were imported from other states including those with a high frequency of scrapie; use of veterinary services on the sheep farms investigated and, hence, opportunities to detect the disease were limited; sheep producers in the area knew little about scrapie despite the fact that the disease has been reported in the area, and animal organs including sheep organs were sometimes included in processed food. Therefore, it was concluded that in Pennsylvania there are some 'weak links' through which scrapie-infected animals could contaminate human food, and that consumption of these foods could perhaps account for spongiform encephalopathy in humans. The weak links observed are probably not unique to Pennsylvania.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3915057&dopt=Abstract
J Infect Dis 1980 Aug;142(2):205-8
Oral transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie to nonhuman primates.
Gibbs CJ Jr, Amyx HL, Bacote A, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC.
Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of humans and scrapie disease of sheep and goats were transmitted to squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) that were exposed to the infectious agents only by their nonforced consumption of known infectious tissues. The asymptomatic incubation period in the one monkey exposed to the virus of kuru was 36 months; that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was 23 and 27 months, respectively; and that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of scrapie was 25 and 32 months, respectively. Careful physical examination of the buccal cavities of all of the monkeys failed to reveal signs or oral lesions. One additional monkey similarly exposed to kuru has remained asymptomatic during the 39 months that it has been under observation.
PMID: 6997404
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6997404&dopt=Abstract
STATEMENT OF DR HELEN GRANT MD FRCP ISSUED 13/05/1999
BSE INQUIRY
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s410.pdf
UNCONVENTIONAL VIRUSES AND THE ORIGIN
AND DISAPPEARANCE OF KURU
Nobel Lecture, December 13, 1976
by D. CARLETON GAJDUSEK
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
snip...
In a study in Israel, an
overall prevalence in Jews of Libyan origin is 30 times as high as in Jews of
European origin (40). The custom of eating the eyeballs and brains of sheep
in the Jewish households of North African and Middle Eastern origin, as opposed
to Jewish households of European origin, has understandably given rise to the
conjecture that scrapie-infected sheep tissue might be the source of such CJD
infection (37).
SNIP...
The passage of sheep scrapie into other sheep and into goats, at least by the
route of feeding of material contaminated with placenta and embryonic
membrane (53), and into mink from feeding carcasses of scrapied sheep, are
established paths of scrapie transmission. In view of the experimental transmission
of scrapie to monkeys, there is serious cause for wonder whether kitchen
and butchery accidents involving the contamination of skin and eyes may not
be a possible source of CJD in man (36a, 37).
SNIP...
Scrapie has been transmitted in our laboratory to five species of monkeys (Tables 9 and 10) (23, 31, 32), and such transmission has occurred using infected brain from naturally infected sheep and from experimentally infected goats and mice (Figures
22a, b, c). The disease produced is clinically and pathologically indistinguishable
from experimental CJD in these species. .........
Figure 22. Scrapie has been transmitted to three species of New World monkeys and two
species of Old World monkeys (Tables 9, 10). 22a. Transmission of scrapie from the brain of a scrapie-infected Suffolk ewe (C506) in Illinois to a cynomolgus monkey, and from the 4th mouse passage of this strain of scrapie virus to two squirrel monkeys. Incubation period in the cynomolgus was 73 months and in the squirrel monkeys 31 and 33 months. A chimpanzee and a rhesus monkey inoculated 109 months ago with this sheep brain remain well, as does a spider monkey inoculated 70 months ago with brain from the 4th passage of the C506 strain of scrapie in mice.
SNIP...
22b. Primary transmission of goat-adapted scrapie (Compton, England strain) to the
squirrel monkey and to mice and the transmission of mouse-adapted scrapie to two species of Old World and three species of New World monkeys. Numbers in parentheses are the number of months elapsed since inoculation, during which the animal remained asymptomatic.
SNIP...
22c. Transmission of mouse-adapted sheep scrapie (U. S. strain 434-3-897) to a squirrel monkey 38 months following intracerebral inoculation with a suspension of scrapie-infected mouse brain containing 10a7.3 infectious units of virus per ml. This animal showed signs of ataxia, tremors and incoordination, and the disease was confirmed histologically. See (b) for an explanation of symbols.
SNIP...
Figure 23. Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), a rare disease of American ranch
mink, is possibly a form of scrapie. The clinical picture and histopathological lesions attendant in the brain, resemble that of scrapie, and scrapie sheep carcasses were fed to mink on ranches on which TME appeared. The disease is transmissible to sheep, goats, certain rodents and New and Old World monkeys. Illustrative data on the primary transmissions of transmissible mink encephalopathy to one species of New World monkey and two species of Old World monkeys, and serial passage of the virus in squirrel, rhesus and stumptailed monkeys are presented in this Figure. Incubation periods are shown in months that elapsed between inoculation and onset of clinical disease. (Figure includes information from our laboratory and from R. F. Marsh, R. J. Eckroade, and R. P. Hanson.)
SNIP... end
SOURCE;
UNCONVENTIONAL VIRUSES AND THE ORIGIN
AND DISAPPEARANCE OF KURU
Nobel Lecture, December 13, 1976
by D. CARLETON GAJDUSEK
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Nature. 1972 Mar 10;236(5341):73-4.
Transmission of scrapie to the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC. ====================================
Proposed link between transmissible spongiform encephalopathies of man and animals.
Diringer H.
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany.
A link between scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is likely to exist. Based on old observations on scrapie, new experiments on bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and modern reviews on CJD, my proposal fits general rules of virus transmission
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7475665&dopt=Abstract
Additional Comments
63. I could perhaps sum up MAFF’s approach to BSE with an observation which is by no means original:
“Absence of evidence” is not the same as “evidence of absence”
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s067.pdf
“Absence of evidence” is not the same as “evidence of absence”
I think this might pertain to USDA et al on BSE, BASE, Scrapie's and the Nor-98, CWD, and TME, and human TSE therefrom. ...
TSS
SCRAPIE USA
http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/
NOR-98 ATYPICAL SCRAPIE CASES USA
http://nor-98.blogspot.com/
DECLARATION OF EXTRAORDINARY EMERGENCY BECAUSE OF AN ATYPICAL T.S.E. (PRION DISEASE) OF FOREIGN ORIGIN IN THE UNITED STATES [Docket No. 00-072-1]
http://foiamadsheepmadrivervalley.blogspot.com/
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE MAD COW BASE UPDATE USA
http://cjdmadcowbaseoct2007.blogspot.com/
Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy TME
http://transmissible-mink-encephalopathy.blogspot.com/
CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE
http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/
Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States
http://cjdusa.blogspot.com/
CJD QUESTIONNAIRE
http://cjdquestionnaire.blogspot.com/
CJD TSE NEWS
http://disc.yourwebapps.com/Indices/236650.html
TSS
posted by Terry S. Singeltary Sr. | 8:31 PM
0 Comments:
Post a Comment
Subscribe to Post Comments [Atom]
<< Home