SCRAPIE USA

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy TSE Prion PrP sheep and goats

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Location: BACLIFF, Texas, United States

My mother was murdered by what I call corporate and political homicide i.e. FOR PROFIT! she died from a rare phenotype of CJD i.e. the Heidenhain Variant of Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease i.e. sporadic, simply meaning from unknown route and source. I have simply been trying to validate her death DOD 12/14/97 with the truth. There is a route, and there is a source. There are many here in the USA. WE must make CJD and all human TSE, of all age groups 'reportable' Nationally and Internationally, with a written CJD questionnaire asking real questions pertaining to route and source of this agent. Friendly fire has the potential to play a huge role in the continued transmission of this agent via the medical, dental, and surgical arena. We must not flounder any longer. ...TSS

Wednesday, March 26, 2008

High incidence of subclinical infection of lymphoid tissues in scrapie-affected sheep flocks

Wednesday, March 26, 2008 High incidence of subclinical infection of lymphoid tissues in scrapie-affected sheep flocks

High incidence of subclinical infection of lymphoid tissues in scrapie-affected sheep flocks

Journal Archives of Virology Publisher Springer Wien ISSN 0304-8608 (Print) 1432-8798 (Online) Issue Volume 153, Number 4 / April, 2008 Category Original Article DOI 10.1007/s00705-008-0035-8 Pages 637-644 Subject Collection Biomedical and Life Sciences SpringerLink Date Tuesday, January 29, 2008

Gudmundur Georgsson1 , Jona Adalheidur Adolfsdottir1, Astridur Palsdottir1, Einar Jorundsson1, 3, Sigurdur Sigurdarson2, 4 and Stefania Thorgeirsdottir1

(1) Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v/Vesturlandsveg, 112 Reykjavík, Iceland (2) Laboratory of Chief Veterinary Officer, Keldur, Reykjavík, Iceland (3) Present address: Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Solvholsgata 4, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland (4) Present address: Agricultural Authority of Iceland, Austurvegur 64, 800 Selfoss, Iceland

Received: 12 November 2007 Accepted: 27 December 2007 Published online: 29 January 2008

Abstract Prion diseases are characterized by a long incubation period. In scrapie, sheep may incubate and spread the infection for several years before clinical signs evolve. We have previously studied the occurrence of subclincal infection in the brain. Now, we have studied the occurrence of subclinical infection in the brain and several lymphoid tissues in two scrapie-affected Icelandic sheep flocks by immunohistochemistry for PrPSc, a molecular marker for infectivity, and correlated this with results of PrP genotyping. At culling, one flock had one confirmed scrapie case, while the other flock had two. Analysis of 106 asymptomatic sheep by immunostaining for PrPSc revealed that the incidence of subclinical infection was 58.3% in one flock and 42.5% in the other. PrPSc was only detected in lymphoid tissues. The youngest positive sheep were 4 months old. PrP genotyping showed that over 90% of the sheep were of a genotype which is moderately sensitive to infection and may delay neuroinvasion. Our results show that asymptomatic sheep may spread the infection during the long incubation period of several years, which constitutes an important obstacle in the eradication of scrapie. Our findings indicate that contamination of the environment plays an important part in sustaining the infection.

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Gudmundur Georgsson Email: ggeorgs@hi.is

http://www.springerlink.com/content/u761171744280806/


SCRAPIE USA UPDATE MONTHLY REPORT JANUARY 2008

prepared February 20, 2008

Infected and Source Flocks

There were 27 scrapie infected and source flocks with open statuses (Figure 3) as of January 31, 2008. Two new source flocks and one new infected flock were reported in January (Figure 4) with a total of 22 reported for FY 2008 (Figure 5). ....

snip...

Positive Scrapie Cases

As of January 31, 2008, 58 new scrapie cases have been confirmed and reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) in FY 2008 (Figure 7). Of these, 52 were field cases and 6* were Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter Surveillance (RSSS) cases (collected in FY 2008 and reported by February 20, 2008). There were 8 positive cases for January which are depicted in Figure 8. Seventeen cases of scrapie in goats have been confirmed by NVSL since implementation of the regulatory changes in FY 2002 (Figure 9). The most recent positive goat cases were from the SAME HERD and WERE BOTH CONFIRMED IN JANAURY 2008.

snip...

Caprine Scrapie Prevalence Study (CSPS)

CSPS was initiated in May 2007 to estimate the national prevalance of scrapie in adult goats at slaughter. If no scrapie is found we will be able to conclude that the prevalence in goats is greater than zero and less than 0.1 percent. AS of January 31, 2008, 2,942 goats have been sampled for scrapie testing (1,515 in FY 2007 and 1,427 in FY 2008). Collection numbers by quarter in FY 2008 is shown in Chart 8. To date, no goats have tested positive for scrapie as part of this surveillance program. HOWEVER, THREE POSITIVE GOATS have been identified this fiscal year through field investigations. One was a clinical suspect submitted for testing and THE OTHER TWO WERE MEMBERS OF THE OF THE BIRTH HERD OF THE CLINICAL CASE.

snip...

please see full text ;

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/monthly_scrapie_rpt.pps


ATYPICAL NOR-98 SCRAPIE LOCATION UPDATE ON 5 DOCUMENTED CASES THIS YEAR ;

The flocks of origin are WY, CO, CA, IN, and MN.

personal communication USDA et al. ...TSS

snip...

INFECTED AND SOURCE FLOCKS AS of August 31, 2007, there were 33 scrapie infected and source flocks with open statuses (Figure 3). Five new source flocks and one new infected flock were reported n August (Figure 4) with a total of 64 reported for FY 2007(Figure 5).

snip...

IN FY 2007 TWO FIELD CASES, ONE VALIDATION CASE, AND TWO RSSS CASES WERE CONSISTENT WITH NOR-98 SCRAPIE. ...

(BRINGS A TOTAL OF 5 NOR-98 CASES DOCUMENTED IN 2007 IN USA. ...TSS)

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/monthly_scrapie_rpt.pps


SCRAPIE TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL USA

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/


http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/


TSS

Tuesday, March 04, 2008

SCRAPIE DOCUMENTED IN CLINICAL SUSPECT GOAT, WITH TWO MORE DOCUMENTED IN SAME BIRTH HERD OF CLINICAL CASE

Tuesday, March 04, 2008 SCRAPIE DOCUMENTED IN CLINICAL SUSPECT GOAT, WITH TWO MORE DOCUMENTED IN SAME BIRTH HERD OF CLINICAL CASE

SCRAPIE DOCUMENTED IN CLINICAL SUSPECT GOAT, WITH TWO MORE DOCUMENTED IN SAME BIRTH HERD OF CLINICAL CASE

SCRAPIE USA UPDATE MONTHLY REPORT JANUARY 2008

prepared February 20, 2008

Infected and Source Flocks

There were 27 scrapie infected and source flocks with open statuses (Figure 3) as of January 31, 2008. Two new source flocks and one new infected flock were reported in January (Figure 4) with a total of 22 reported for FY 2008 (Figure 5). ....

snip...

Positive Scrapie Cases

As of January 31, 2008, 58 new scrapie cases have been confirmed and reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) in FY 2008 (Figure 7). Of these, 52 were field cases and 6* were Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter Surveillance (RSSS) cases (collected in FY 2008 and reported by February 20, 2008). There were 8 positive cases for January which are depicted in Figure 8. Seventeen cases of scrapie in goats have been confirmed by NVSL since implementation of the regulatory changes in FY 2002 (Figure 9). The most recent positive goat cases were from the SAME HERD and WERE BOTH CONFIRMED IN JANAURY 2008.

snip...

Caprine Scrapie Prevalence Study (CSPS)

CSPS was initiated in May 2007 to estimate the national prevalance of scrapie in adult goats at slaughter. If no scrapie is found we will be able to conclude that the prevalence in goats is greater than zero and less than 0.1 percent. AS of January 31, 2008, 2,942 goats have been sampled for scrapie testing (1,515 in FY 2007 and 1,427 in FY 2008). Collection numbers by quarter in FY 2008 is shown in Chart 8. To date, no goats have tested positive for scrapie as part of this surveillance program. HOWEVER, THREE POSITIVE GOATS have been identified this fiscal year through field investigations. One was a clinical suspect submitted for testing and THE OTHER TWO WERE MEMBERS OF THE OF THE BIRTH HERD OF THE CLINICAL CASE.

snip...

please see full text ;

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/monthly_scrapie_rpt.pps

PLEASE NOTE OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND REPORT atypical Scrapie NOR-98 CASES USA

IT seems that if they do not discuss, and or report on there scrapie page, the 5 documented ATYPICAL NOR-98, in 5 different states in 2007, it's seems they think that all will forget. However, I am here to tell you this will not happen. or the fact that the atypical scrapie NOR-98 is more virulent and resembles that of the sporadic CJD in humans. nope, we cannot forget this either. I have spoken with the USDA, APHIS, VS last year about making a separate map in their PPS presentation to show how many, and where these atypical scrapie NOR-98 cases are documented.

Their reply ;

TSS QUESTION - AND, if these are new cases, and i understand this correctly, how do we know what state they were reported in ?

USDA, APHIS, VS ANSWER - you can't from the report. The flocks of origin were in WY, CO and CA

TSS SUGGESTION - maybe you might can add these atypical cases to the pps presentation on the monthly chart some how,.... just a suggestion ?

USDA, APHIS, VS ANSWER - We are considering it.

==================================

SINCE THEN, two more documented atypical scrapie NOR-98 cases have been documented in two more states ;

ATYPICAL NOR-98 SCRAPIE LOCATION UPDATE ON 5 DOCUMENTED CASES THIS YEAR ;

The flocks of origin are WY, CO, CA, IN, and MN.

personal communication USDA et al. ...TSS

snip...

INFECTED AND SOURCE FLOCKS AS of August 31, 2007, there were 33 scrapie infected and source flocks with open statuses (Figure 3). Five new source flocks and one new infected flock were reported n August (Figure 4) with a total of 64 reported for FY 2007(Figure 5).

snip...

IN FY 2007 TWO FIELD CASES, ONE VALIDATION CASE, AND TWO RSSS CASES WERE CONSISTENT WITH NOR-98 SCRAPIE. ...

(BRINGS A TOTAL OF 5 NOR-98 CASES DOCUMENTED IN 2007 IN USA. ...TSS)

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/monthly_scrapie_rpt.pps

TAFS

INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR TRANSMISSIBLE ANIMAL DISEASES AND FOOD SAFETY

a non-profit Swiss Foundation

(May 16, 2007)

TAFS1 Position Paper on Atypical scrapie and Atypical BSE

Although most atypical cases occur singly in flocks, there are some instances where two affected sheep have been identified in flocks. This may indicate that natural transmission may occur, or that the sheep were infected from a common alternative source(22, 29). Possible indications of an association with the feeding of vitamins and mineral feed supplements were detected in Norway, but remain to be proven(22).

snip...

Atypical BSE may arise spontaneously in a small proportion of cattle. The existence of sporadic CJD in humans has led to postulation that disease could arise spontaneously in any animal, but this is still not proven to happen. Despite the small numbers of atypical BSE detected so far, in some countries the numbers are too great to suggest that they all arise spontaneously, if it were assumed that such a phenomenon occurred at the same frequency as sporadic CJD in humans.

http://www.tseandfoodsafety.org/position_papers/TAFS_POSITION_PAPER_ON_ATYPICAL_SCRAPIE_AND_%20ATYPICAL_BSE_070516.pdf


Tissue distribution. For atypical scrapie, what is PrPres and infectivity distribution within sheep of different genotypes, particularly with respect to SRM removal? For classical scrapie and experimental BSE in sheep, tissue distribution of infectivity is widespread. Thus, even with SRM controls in place, an infected sheep poses around 1000 times the risk to human health than does an infected cow22. Does the distribution depend on whether infection is by the oral or

21 Gubbins S. Prevalence of BSE in sheep: interpreting the results of retrospective and prospective testing of sheep TSE cases. SEAC 84 open meeting 22 paper presented to Food Standards Agency board on 9 December 2004. http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/fsa041204.pdf
Also see paper SEAC/84/2 Annex 2: McLean, A. Page 13 © SEAC 27 February 2006

intracerebral route? Are some VRQ sheep carriers with no neurological symptoms?

SEAC SHEEP SUBGROUP POSITION STATEMENT

http://www.seac.gov.uk/pdf/positionstatement-sheep-subgroup.pdf


P03.141

Aspects of the Cerebellar Neuropathology in Nor98

Gavier-Widén, D1; Benestad, SL2; Ottander, L1; Westergren, E1 1National Veterinary Insitute, Sweden; 2National Veterinary Institute, Norway

Nor98 is a prion disease of old sheep and goats. This atypical form of scrapie was first described in Norway in 1998. Several features of Nor98 were shown to be different from classical scrapie including the distribution of disease associated prion protein (PrPd) accumulation in the brain. The cerebellum is generally the most affected brain area in Nor98. The study here presented aimed at adding information on the neuropathology in the cerebellum of Nor98 naturally affected sheep of various genotypes in Sweden and Norway. A panel of histochemical and immunohistochemical (IHC) stainings such as IHC for PrPd, synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, amyloid, and cell markers for phagocytic cells were conducted. The type of histological lesions and tissue reactions were evaluated. The types of PrPd deposition were characterized. The cerebellar cortex was regularly affected, even though there was a variation in the severity of the lesions from case to case. Neuropil vacuolation was more marked in the molecular layer, but affected also the granular cell layer. There was a loss of granule cells. Punctate deposition of PrPd was characteristic. It was morphologically and in distribution identical with that of synaptophysin, suggesting that PrPd accumulates in the synaptic structures. PrPd was also observed in the granule cell layer and in the white matter. ***The pathology features of Nor98 in the cerebellum of the affected sheep showed similarities with those of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans.

http://www.prion2007.com/pdf/Prion%20Book%20of%20Abstracts.pdf


NOR-98 ATYPICAL SCRAPIE USA UPDATE AS AT OCT 2007

typical scrapie transmits to primates by there NON-FORCED ORAL CONSUMPTION ;

76/10.12/4.6

http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1976/10/12004001.pdf


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6997404&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus


full text ;

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/


http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/


TSS