Scrapie and Nor-98 Scrapie November 2009 Monthly Report Fiscal Year 2010 and FISCAL YEAR 2008

Thursday, January 07, 2010 Scrapie and Nor-98 Scrapie November 2009 Monthly Report Fiscal Year 2010 and FISCAL YEAR 2008

November 2009 Monthly Report Fiscal Year 2010

Positive Scrapie Cases

As of November 30, 2009, 16 positive cases in sheep or goats were reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL); 13 were field cases and 3 were Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter Surveillance (RSSS) cases collected between October 1, 2009 and November 30, 2009 and confirmed by December 18, 2009 (Figure 7). Field cases are positive animals tested as part of a disease investigation including potentially exposed, exposed, and suspect animals. TWENTY ONE cases of scrapie in goats have been confirmed by NVSL since implementation of the regulatory changes in FY 2002 (Figure 8). The most recent positive goat case was confirmed rectal biopsy positive in November 2009 and originated in the same herd in Michigan as the positive goat cases that were found in FY 2008. The positive goat has been held in quarantine for research by USDA's Agricultural Research Service since 2008.

snip...

Does not include Nor98-like Scrapie cases found through RSSS (2 in FY 2007 and 1 in FY 2008)

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/monthly_scrapie_rpt.pps


SCRAPIE USA REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2008

Positive Scrapie Cases

As of September 30, 2008, 176 new scrapie cases were confirmed and reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) in FY 2008 (Figure 5). Of these, 134 were field cases and 42* were Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter Surveillance (RSSS) cases (collected between October 1, 2007 and September 30, 2008) (Slide 15). The field case total includes multiple cases from the same flocks. One of the positive field cases was genotyped as AAQR. THIS IS THE FIRST CONFIRMED CASE OF CLASSICAL SCRAPIE IN THE UNITED STATES IN A SHEEP OF THIS GENOTYPE. THE ONLY WHITE-FACED RSSS POSITIVE WAS COMPATIBLE WITH NOR98-LIKE SCRAPIE. Nineteen cases of scrapie in goats have been confirmed by NVSL since implementation of the regulatory changes in FY 2002 (Figure 6) including five goat cases in FY 2008 that originated from the same herd in Michigan.

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/yearly_report.pps



Greetings,

(Figure 6) including five goat cases in FY 2008 that originated from the same herd in Michigan.

This is highly unusual for goats, and I strenuously urge that there should be an independent investigation into finding the common denominator for these 5 goats in the same herd in Michigan with Scrapie. ...

Kind Regards, Terry

Monday, December 14, 2009

Similarities between Forms of Sheep Scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Are Encoded by Distinct Prion Types

Sporadic CJD type 1 and atypical/ Nor98 scrapie are characterized by fine

(reticular) deposits,

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/2009/12/similarities-between-forms-of-sheep.html


see also ;

All of the Heidenhain variants were of the methionine/ methionine type 1

molecular subtype.

http://cjdusa.blogspot.com/2009/09/co-existence-of-scrapie-prion-protein.html


Wednesday, July 1, 2009

Nor98 scrapie identified in the United States J Vet Diagn Invest 21:454-463 (2009)

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/2009/07/nor98-scrapie-identified-in-united.html


Tuesday, June 3, 2008

SCRAPIE USA UPDATE JUNE 2008 NOR-98 REPORTED PA

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/2008/06/scrapie-usa-update-june-2008-nor-98.html


Monday, November 30, 2009

USDA AND OIE COLLABORATE TO EXCLUDE ATYPICAL SCRAPIE NOR-98 ANIMAL HEALTH CODE

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/2009/11/usda-and-oie-collaborate-to-exclude.html


Monday, December 1, 2008

When Atypical Scrapie cross species barriers

http://nor-98.blogspot.com/2008/12/when-atypical-scrapie-cross-species.html


EVIDENCE OF SCRAPIE IN SHEEP AS A RESULT OF FOOD BORNE EXPOSURE

This is provided by the statistically significant increase in the incidence of sheep scrape from 1985, as determined from analyses of the submissions made to VI Centres, and from individual case and flock incident studies. ........

http://web.archive.org/web/20010305222246/www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1994/02/07002001.pdf



1: J Infect Dis 1980 Aug;142(2):205-8

Oral transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie to nonhuman primates.

Gibbs CJ Jr, Amyx HL, Bacote A, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC.

Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of humans and scrapie disease of sheep and goats were transmitted to squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) that were exposed to the infectious agents only by their nonforced consumption of known infectious tissues. The asymptomatic incubation period in the one monkey exposed to the virus of kuru was 36 months; that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was 23 and 27 months, respectively; and that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of scrapie was 25 and 32 months, respectively. Careful physical examination of the buccal cavities of all of the monkeys failed to reveal signs or oral lesions. One additional monkey similarly exposed to kuru has remained asymptomatic during the 39 months that it has been under observation.

snip...

The successful transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie by natural feeding to squirrel monkeys that we have reported provides further grounds for concern that scrapie-infected meat may occasionally give rise in humans to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

PMID: 6997404

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6997404&dopt=Abstract



12/10/76

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTE ON SCRAPIE Office Note CHAIRMAN: PROFESSOR PETER WILDY

snip...

A The Present Position with respect to Scrapie A] The Problem

Scrapie is a natural disease of sheep and goats. It is a slow and inexorably progressive degenerative disorder of the nervous system and it ia fatal. It is enzootic in the United Kingdom but not in all countries.

The field problem has been reviewed by a MAFF working group (ARC 35/77). It is difficult to assess the incidence in Britain for a variety of reasons but the disease causes serious financial loss; it is estimated that it cost Swaledale breeders alone $l.7 M during the five years 1971-1975. A further inestimable loss arises from the closure of certain export markets, in particular those of the United States, to British sheep.

It is clear that scrapie in sheep is important commercially and for that reason alone effective measures to control it should be devised as quickly as possible.

Recently the question has again been brought up as to whether scrapie is transmissible to man. This has followed reports that the disease has been transmitted to primates. One particularly lurid speculation (Gajdusek 1977) conjectures that the agents of scrapie, kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and transmissible encephalopathy of mink are varieties of a single "virus". The U.S. Department of Agriculture concluded that it could "no longer justify or permit scrapie-blood line and scrapie-exposed sheep and goats to be processed for human or animal food at slaughter or rendering plants" (ARC 84/77)" The problem is emphasised by the finding that some strains of scrapie produce lesions identical to the once which characterise the human dementias"

Whether true or not. the hypothesis that these agents might be transmissible to man raises two considerations. First, the safety of laboratory personnel requires prompt attention. Second, action such as the "scorched meat" policy of USDA makes the solution of the acrapie problem urgent if the sheep industry is not to suffer grievously.

snip...

76/10.12/4.6

http://web.archive.org/web/20010305223125/www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1976/10/12004001.pdf



Nature. 1972 Mar 10;236(5341):73-4.

Transmission of scrapie to the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).

Gibbs CJ Jr, Gajdusek DC.

Nature 236, 73 - 74 (10 March 1972); doi:10.1038/236073a0

Transmission of Scrapie to the Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

C. J. GIBBS jun. & D. C. GAJDUSEK

National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

SCRAPIE has been transmitted to the cynomolgus, or crab-eating, monkey (Macaca fascicularis) with an incubation period of more than 5 yr from the time of intracerebral inoculation of scrapie-infected mouse brain. The animal developed a chronic central nervous system degeneration, with ataxia, tremor and myoclonus with associated severe scrapie-like pathology of intensive astroglial hypertrophy and proliferation, neuronal vacuolation and status spongiosus of grey matter. The strain of scrapie virus used was the eighth passage in Swiss mice (NIH) of a Compton strain of scrapie obtained as ninth intracerebral passage of the agent in goat brain, from Dr R. L. Chandler (ARC, Compton, Berkshire).

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v236/n5341/abs/236073a0.html


Epidemiology of Scrapie in the United States 1977


http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m08b/tab64.pdf


http://web.archive.org/web/20030513212324/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m08b/tab64.pdf


Monday, September 1, 2008

RE-FOIA OF DECLARATION OF EXTRAORDINARY EMERGENCY BECAUSE OF AN ATYPICAL T.S.E. (PRION DISEASE) OF FOREIGN ORIGIN IN THE UNITED STATES [No. 00-072-1] September 1, 2008


http://foiamadsheepmadrivervalley.blogspot.com/2008/09/re-foia-of-declaration-of-extraordinary.html


Thursday, October 15, 2009

SCRAPIE UPDATE CANADA 2009 (typical and atypical cases)

http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/2009/10/scrapie-update-canada-2009-typical-and.html


Friday, May 29, 2009

Characterization of a U.S. Sheep Scrapie Isolate with Short Incubation Time

http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/2009/05/characterization-of-us-sheep-scrapie.html


Monday, August 03, 2009

Prions Are Secreted in Milk from Clinically Normal Scrapie-Exposed Sheep

http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/2009/08/prions-are-secreted-in-milk-from.html


November 2009 Monthly Report Fiscal Year 2010

Positive Scrapie Cases

As of November 30, 2009, 16 positive cases in sheep or goats were reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL); 13 were field cases and 3 were Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter Surveillance (RSSS) cases collected between October 1, 2009 and November 30, 2009 and confirmed by December 18, 2009 (Figure 7). Field cases are positive animals tested as part of a disease investigation including potentially exposed, exposed, and suspect animals. TWENTY ONE cases of scrapie in goats have been confirmed by NVSL since implementation of the regulatory changes in FY 2002 (Figure 8). The most recent positive goat case was confirmed rectal biopsy positive in November 2009 and originated in the same herd in Michigan as the positive goat cases that were found in FY 2008. The positive goat has been held in quarantine for research by USDA's Agricultural Research Service since 2008.

snip...

Does not include Nor98-like Scrapie cases found through RSSS (2 in FY 2007 and 1 in FY 2008)

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/monthly_scrapie_rpt.pps



SCRAPIE USA REPORT FISCAL YEAR 2008

Positive Scrapie Cases

As of September 30, 2008, 176 new scrapie cases were confirmed and reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) in FY 2008 (Figure 5). Of these, 134 were field cases and 42* were Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter Surveillance (RSSS) cases (collected between October 1, 2007 and September 30, 2008) (Slide 15). The field case total includes multiple cases from the same flocks. One of the positive field cases was genotyped as AAQR. THIS IS THE FIRST CONFIRMED CASE OF CLASSICAL SCRAPIE IN THE UNITED STATES IN A SHEEP OF THIS GENOTYPE. THE ONLY WHITE-FACED RSSS POSITIVE WAS COMPATIBLE WITH NOR98-LIKE SCRAPIE. Nineteen cases of scrapie in goats have been confirmed by NVSL since implementation of the regulatory changes in FY 2002 (Figure 6) including five goat cases in FY 2008 that originated from the same herd in Michigan.

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/downloads/yearly_report.pps


Greetings,

(Figure 6) including five goat cases in FY 2008 that originated from the same herd in Michigan.

This is highly unusual for goats, and I strenuously urge that there should be an independent investigation into finding the common denominator for these 5 goats in the same herd in Michigan with Scrapie. ...

Kind Regards, Terry


http://nor-98.blogspot.com/


http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/


Thursday, January 07, 2010

Scientific Opinion on Risk of transmission of TSEs via semen and embryo transfer in small ruminants (sheep and goats)

News Story 6 January 2010

http://scrapie-usa.blogspot.com/2010/01/scientific-opinion-on-risk-of.html